How do male and female college students perceptions of civic engagement differ Essays

How do male and female college students perceptions of civic engagement differ Essays How do male and female college students perceptions of civic engagement differ Essay How do male and female college students perceptions of civic engagement differ Essay Name: Course: Lecturer: Date: How do male and female college students perceptions of civic engagement differ? Civic engagement involves working with others for the purposes of solving community problems and improving the community. It involves people working together in making a difference in the civic life of the community. People gain knowledge, and they develop the skills and values necessary to engage in different political activities and non-political activities. People participating in such activities are motivated because they consider themselves part of the society, and they relate to the problems that the society is experiencing. It involves political and civic activities. People volunteer their services for various causes, participate in different organizations, and participate in fundraising and charitable events, signing petitions, and demonstrations among other activities. College students are active in civic engagement, although they have distinct preferences in the activities they choose to engage in Male college students are more interested in political affairs. There is a higher possibility that that they will participate in political campaigns, increasing political awareness, and contributing financially in politics. On the other hand, their female counterparts have a higher possibility of participating in non-political activities. They are likely to engage in activities concerning senior citizens, children, the youth, education, and the environment. Although such differences exist, factors such as education have lessened the degree to which college students of all genders perceive civic engagement. Education and increased political activism has led to more women taking up elective political posts. This has led to a rise in the quantity of female students engaging in political activities. Differences in gender do not distinguish the level of engagement in environmental matters, as female and male students participate on the same level. They show the same level of concern for the environment. This is largely attributed to increased awareness, and the direct consequences of environmental degradation, which affects everyone within the society. The more college students are involved and concerned with the communities around them, the more they realize the problems and challenges facing these communities. This realization causes both male and female students to engage in the activities that will help improve the status in the community and help solve the problems that the members in the community are facing. Education increases the level of awareness of civic issues. College students, irrespective of their gender, are more likely to be involved in civic engagement, compared to those who did not go to college. Parental involvement also determines the level of civic engagement among college students, and it lessens the gender disparity in civic participation. The extent to which parents discuss political affairs with their children will influence their children’s perception of, and participation in politics. Female college students who discuss political affairs with their parents have a higher possibility of participation in political affairs while in college. Parental involvement increases the female college student concern about her civic duty. However, parental influence does not seem to influence the male college student on political affairs. It does not increase his civic duty concerns. Knowing the differences in perceptions among college students is beneficial for analysts, non-governmental organizations, and other civic groups. This is because it will enable them to determine who they are going to engage in their activities. Political institutions are more likely to target the male college students because of their increased interest in political affairs. Non-governmental institutions, especially those dealing with charitable and fund raising events targeting the youth and other minority groups are more likely to target the female college students.

Unobtrusive Measures in Sociology Experiments

Unobtrusive Measures in Sociology Experiments In research, an unobtrusive measure is a method of making observations without the knowledge of those being observed. Unobtrusive measures are designed to minimize a major problem in social research, which is how a subject’s awareness of the research project affects behavior and distorts research results. The main drawback, however, is that there is a very limited range of information that can be gathered this way. One way to assess the effect of racial integration in schools is to compare the academic records of students educated in schools whose student populations vary in their degree of racial heterogeneity. Another way that one can determine the results of an experiment utilizing unobtrusive measures is to analyze data and behavior from a hidden camera or through a two-way mirror. In either case, privacy may come into play and a test subjects individual rights are in danger of being violated. Indirect Measures As opposed to obtrusive measures, indirect measures occur naturally during research and are available to researchers in pretty much limitless supply, depending on the researchers innovation and imagination. Indirect measures are naturally unobtrusive and are used to collect data without introducing any formal measurement procedure of which the subject is aware. Take for instance trying to measure foot traffic and item popularity in a fashion boutique. Although placing a person in the store to observe shoppers might give you great data on what people buy, it also has a chance of intruding on the study by letting the shopper know they were being watched. On the other hand, if a researcher installs hidden cameras and observes data collected from those to notice trend, the measure would be considered indirect or unobtrusive. Similarly, some cell phone apps now allow retailers to track the movement of cellular devices in the store if the customer is logged into a discount app for the store. This specific geolocation can measure exactly how long customers spend in different parts of stores, without being aware theyre being watched. This raw data is the closest one can get to understanding how a shopper spends his or her time in a store when he or she feels no one is watching.   Ethics and Surveillance Unobstructive measures come with their fair share of ethics concerns, primarily in terms of privacy and surveillance. For that reason, researchers should be careful with which methods they use and how they use them when conducting these types of sociological experiments.   By definition, indirect or unobtrusive measures collect data and observations without the experiment subjects knowledge, which could be cause for concern for this person being observed. Further, it could be a violation of the persons right to privacy by not using informed consent. In general, it is important to understand the laws governing privacy in the context of your experiment. Chances are, most will require consent from the participants, though this is not the case with certain public spaces such as museums or amusement parks, where buying a ticket acts as a contract for the patron which often times includes video surveillance and monitoring.

McHam_Donatello's David & Judith_x Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

McHam_Donatello's David & Judith_x - Assignment Example the controversial message that the family’s role in Florence was the same as that of respected Old Testament autocrat slayers and saviors of the people that emblematically inverted the increasing accusations that the Medici had developed tyranny that took all the power from the republican institutions in the city (McHam 32). The sculptures were mainly used as focal points of the courtyard and the garden that were linked. David was raised on a high base at the middle of the courtyard and could be seen when the palace’s main entrance was open. The exact location of the Judith and Holofernes in the plot is not known as the orchard was immediately behind the quad, it may have been noticeable from the quad if it was located on the bloc between the orchard and the quad (McHam 32). The placement of the sculptures reveals that they could easily be viewed by the desired audience since the courtyard could be accessed by palace visitors and the garden could be accessed by an invited group. 2) What evidence does McHam provide that suggests Donatello’s earlier marble version of David was interpreted in political terms? How would the placement of the artist’s later version of David been understood? (p. 34) The inscriptions in the manuscripts which describe the Palazzo della Signoria validate the speculation that had earlier been unproven that they might have been added to the sculpture before 1416 before Danatello recut the figure to emphasize a political role for David as being the defender of Florence (McHam 34). This was done by baring his one of his legs and removing the scroll that had previously used to identify David as being a prophet. The placement of the bronze version of David in the courtyard can be understood as a self-conscious allusion to the previous marble analogue and the inscription it was associated with. It was also a sign that the Medici were closely associated to the regime and supported their principles. 3) According to the author, what was

Use of social networks for financial and performance reporting Research Paper

Use of social networks for financial and performance reporting - Research Paper Example This research analyses how the financial reporting and organizations performance have improved for the past few years because of increased use of social networking. Inescapabilty and popularity of the social network has largely created awareness and improved the relationship between the business and the stakeholders by introducing a new way in which financial information is disseminated and eventually consumed. Companies primarily use the social media to report their performances so that the information can reach larger audience who may be interested. Information that was previously released in news releases, conference calls and presentations are revealed through twitter because of its ability to swiftly and efficiently receive and share information from a trusted source. There are live tweets of companies’ earning call enabling shareholders who are physically absent during call to receive live information. According to Scott (2013), â€Å"Of Facebook’s nearly one billion strong users, approximately 200 million are mobile only.† On the other hand, YouTube, and Flickr may be utilized in providing videos regarding earning calls, do presentations thus engaging investors with the business financial reports as well as sharing information such as crucial business transactions that include merger and acquisition. It is worth noting that the social network has the ability to reach even remote communities thus enabling the company to operate in distant and remote places while raising awareness about them. There are many reasons justifying the use of social media in financial reporting and performance. Social media’s ability to reach a huge audience makes it the best communication channels for businesses compared to the conventional methods that are inaccessible to some people. According to Scott (2013), â€Å"Statistical research has revealed that more than 95 per cent of  Facebook users log into their account every day. The same number

Children and Young People’s Development Essay Example for Free

Children and Young People’s Development Essay A child development is influenced in many ways such as their background, health and environment. These factors will have an impact on the child’s different areas of development. Background Children come from all different family environments, cultures and circumstances. Children go through significant family changes such as a family break-up or a new step-family. These can affect a child’s emotional and intellectual development. A child may also change their behaviour, which means there ability to learn is decreased. This can affect their emotional development because they may feel like it is their fault for the break up. Having a new step-family is a big change for some children, this may affect their emotional development, as they may feel as if there mother/father is replacing each other. The child may also have difficulty bonding with their new family. Some children may be deliberately hostile towards a step-parent as they may feel it is the only outlet for their feelings, and those who do not express their feelings openly may become withdrawn. This can have major effects on their intellectual development, as they may become withdrawn at school and unable to concentrate on learning. Read more: Explain how children and young peoples development is influenced by a range of personal factors essay Coming from a low income family may have a significant effect on a child’s development. Burnham and Baker state ‘Statistic show that children who come from deprived backgrounds are less likely to thrive and achieve well in school’. Coming from a low income family may affect a child’s intellectual development, as the family may not be able to afford to pay for extra activities such as swimming lessons or dance lessons. This could also have an impact on the child’s physical development. This may affect the way a child is able to respond in certain situations. There communicational development may be affected as they may not have interacted with children their own age before. Cultural differences may also impact a child development, as they may feel isolated at school. This would affect there communication and intellectual development, as they may be unable to communicate with other children. They my also feel excluded because they are brought up different, this can affect their emotional development. Not interacting with other peers can have a large impact on different types of development, such as emotional as they can feel isolated and excluded. Childrens with different cultural beliefs or practice may cause emotional conflict. Such as if they want to participate in an activity which goes against their families wishes or religious beliefs, they would feel excluded. Other issues would be if the child has moved countries their intellectual development may be affected due to the fact that they have to ‘catch up’ with new languages and cultures. Health If a child suffers from poor health or impairment, this may have an effect on their development. If a child suffers from a medical condition this may lessen their ability to participate in activities than other children. This will affect their physical development, as well as their emotional development. Depending how aware the child is about their needs, they may feel excluded and isolated from other children. Other health factors maybe that the child was born premature, as they are more likely to develop slower than a healthy born child. There may be an effect on their physical development, as they are a smaller and behind on developing. This may also have an in pact on their intellectual development, as it has been shown that premature babies struggle with maths. Burdo-Hartman says. Memorizing math facts in particular has been shown to be difficult for some preemies, Environment A childs environment, for example, family or school, plays a huge part in their development. A family that abuses or neglects a child will damage the child’s natural development. The indifferent family style has a negative effect on the child. The child may not have much opportunity, they may just watch television or play video games all day, will not gain the experiences and interactions needed to further their development. Where a child lives is an important factor for their development. If they live in poor areas, there are less services and opportunities. This can have a negative effect on their intellectual development as they are not able to access services such as playgroups or afterschool clubs. On the other hand, wealthy areas are more likely to have better services and opportunities, this means that a child’s development may not be affected. Burnham, L. Baker, B. (2010). Support Teaching and Learning in schools. Essex: Heinemann Learning.

A comparative study of the ways in which Richard Cameron and Thomas :: English Literature

A comparative study of the ways in which Richard Cameron and Thomas Hardy apportion justice and sympathy towards the male characters. In 'Can't stand up for falling down' Cameron is looking at the boundaries of drama and braking them, most of the play consists of monologues, we are told of events by the female characters rather then, as is traditional in theatre, being shown them. Cameron uses this to form an intimacy between the audience and the female characters, allowing the audience to empathise with them, justify their actions and isolate the male characters. In contrast to this Hardy, in the novel, uses his authorial voice to try and manipulate the reader's sympathies and sense of justice whereas Cameron, although he tries to guide the audience, ultimately leaves them to decide upon their own opinions. The way the writers describe their characters form the basis of how they are perceived and influences whether the readers and audience want to bring them to justice or sympathise with them. Thomas Hardy is a very dramatic writer and conjures up scenes in the mind's eye of his readers. In the novel 'Tess of the d'Urbervilles' Hardy describes Alec and Angel's physical and personal characteristics making them more rounded characters and allowing the reader the ability to form complex emotions about them such as sympathy. Hardy uses the over spiritualised Angel to personify the average 'new' 1890's man. He rejects Christianity and embraces logic rather then the sensual. He therefore falls prey to his emotions. He sees Tess as a thing of beauty and idealises her, portraying in his mind and convincing himself that she is a perfect goddess; therefore he does not love her for who she really is. Angel's character is presented as being gentle with Tess and interested in her thoughts rather then just her looks, which is in direct contrast to Alec. All we had heard about Tess previously from the other characters in the novel is that "her fortune is in her face." but Tess wants to be accepted for herself and Angel encourages her without pushing her. "You sir can raise up dreams with your music and drive all such horrid fancies away." Hardy shows this as Tess's belief about Angel as her saviour. This description is in direct comparison to Hardy's original description of it as "dim and flattened" showing that whilst Tess is easily pleased by Angel, Hardy is not so; this encourages the readers into Hardy's own view. In 'Tess of the d'Urbervilles' Alec is presented as a moustache-curling, melodramatic, cardboard-cut-out villain. Hardy uses him to represent both the unjust differences between the treatment of women and stereotyping of women in what was perceived to be an new

Lesson Plan Template Essay

The student will be able to solve an equation that contains two single digit numbers. The student will recognize the symbol for addition. The student will successfully set up the equation and put the numbers in the correct sequence. Anticipatory Set Teacher will introduce the lesson by calling two students to the front of the room. One student will write one number (1-9) and the other student will write another number (1-9) on the board Teach Lesson / Model The teacher will place an addition and equals sign on the board and then introduce the lesson topic. The teacher will then briefly re-teach how numbers represent quantities. The tens blocks will then be used to represent the numbers in the equations. The teacher will then complete several equations using both the tens blocks and the number line Guided Practice The teacher will then place several equations on the board and allow students the opportunity to help solve them. The teacher will use the mum ball (when the teacher or another student throws the mum ball to the student, they are allowed to speak) to call on students to participate. Students tend to like this and it allows for movement. The teacher will ensure that each student gets a chance to answer one question. Independent Practice Students that require extended time will be granted more time, and the same applies for students requiring separate settings. The students will be met on their level. The teacher will check the work of each student and will offer more practice during the next day’s morning work. Also will have each student time to do IXL Online Math Practices and test Closure The teacher will collect the activity sheets and ask the students their thoughts on the lesson. The teacher will ask why topics such as this are important and have students provide situations where this skill could be beneficial Evaluation *Assessment/Rubrics Students should be graded on participation and the accuracy of their counting and writing skills students will be assessed through the weekly skills test that is conducted each Thursday. If the student is determined to have not mastered the concept, re-teaching will occur on Friday. MATERIALS AND RESOURCES Instructional Materials (handouts, etc. ) The instructor will use the blackboard/dry erase board to begin the lesson. The students will be provided with a worksheet with ten addition problems as well as sets of nine blocks. The will be allowed to use a number line. Resources Internet IXL Online Math for practice and testing Review adding several 1-digits numbers in the vertical format, emphasizing that when the total is ten or greater you ‘carry’ the number to the top of the tens column. Then add the numbers in the tens column, which, at this point, is only the number that was carried. Review adding a 1-digit number to a 2-digit number in the vertical format, pointing out that when the units column is ten or greater you put the number from the tens place in the answer at the top of the tens column of the 2-digit number. Then you add those two numbers in the tens column and put the sum in the tens column of the answer. The K- Kindergarten will be able to add two single digit numbers, each being no greater than 10, when provided with an oral equation within a one minute time period. (This task analysis is for a child who is able to see, and hear, and has normal developmental abilities. Some addition or variant steps may be required for a child who has special needs).